S. Shirali; S.Z. Bathayi; M. Nakhjavani; M.R. Ashoori
Abstract
Saffron (Crocus Sativus L.) has various biological properties. The main aim of the present research is to investigate the possible hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of the saffron aqueous extract in streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats. In this study, 2-5 days old neonatal male Wister rats ...
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Saffron (Crocus Sativus L.) has various biological properties. The main aim of the present research is to investigate the possible hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of the saffron aqueous extract in streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats. In this study, 2-5 days old neonatal male Wister rats were randomly divided into healthy and diabetic groups with or without treatment with saffron aqueous extract. Diabetic groups received i.p. injection of streptozotocin (90 mg/kg body weight). Two Diabetic groups were treated with saffron aqueous extract with two doses of 100 and 150 mg/Kg body weight. A healthy group was also treated with high-dose saffron extract as control group. The study lasted for five months. The results indicate a decrease in the mortality rate and a significant increase (P<0.001) in the body weight of diabetic rats treated with saffron aqueous extract compared to the diabetic group. Our results showed that administration of saffron aqueous extract in diabetic rats was effective in decreasing the levels of glucose, HbA1c, TG, total cholesterol, LDL and increasing HDL in the fasting serum (P<0.001). According to the results, saffron aqueous extract has hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects in diabetic rats.
S.Z. Bathaie; M. Ashrafi; A. Bolhasani; B. Etemadi-Kia; A.A. Moosavi-Movahedi
Volume 22, Issue 2 , September 2006, , Pages 85-97
Abstract
Saffron (Crocus Sativus L.) has different biological properties including anticancer activity. In the present research, we studied the possible molecular mechanisms of the saffron as an anticancer compound (interaction with DNA, H1 and H1-DNA complex), in addition to the purification of saffron components. ...
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Saffron (Crocus Sativus L.) has different biological properties including anticancer activity. In the present research, we studied the possible molecular mechanisms of the saffron as an anticancer compound (interaction with DNA, H1 and H1-DNA complex), in addition to the purification of saffron components. The isolation and purification of major components of Iranian Saffron including carotenoids (crocin, crocetin and dimethylcrocetin) and monoterpen aldehydes (picrocrocin and safranal) performed by different methods. The existence of three types of picrocrocin and four types of crocin in Iranian saffron by using TLC and HPLC techniques was shown. The major fraction of crocins and picrocrocins were extracted. The effects of saffron components on two macromolecules, DNA and H1, as well as the H1-DNA complex were studied. The interaction of saffron extract and all of the cited components investigated with DNA. The results showed the non-intercalative binding of the mentioned ligands with DNA and suggested the minor groove binding. The binding parameters for crocin interaction with DNA obtained (n= 0.54 and K= 2 × 10 -5 M-1). The circular dichroism spectra indicated that the mentioned components interact with DNA at low concentrations, which is accompanied by some conformational changes, B- to C-DNA transition; however, at higher concentrations, they induce more conformational changes, i.e. unstacking of DNA bases. Spectrophotometric investigations of histone H1 titration by different components showed some changes in the peaks. These data indicated the binding of these components to histone H1. All components quenched the fluorescence emission of histone H1 as the result of its structural changes upon complex formation. By Scatchard analysis of the quenching data the binding parameters (n and K) calculated. Histone H1- DNA interaction were also studied in the absence and presence of each ligand. Our results showed that both carotenoids and monoterpene aldehydes of saffron cause the reduction on H1-DNA interaction by about 5 to 22%. These results are preliminary data to confirm our hypothesis that may be the anticancer effect of saffron is due to their interaction with DNA and reduction in the H1-DNA complxes.